The Spatial Distribution of Urban Manufacturing Industries in the United States and Its Implications for Urban Development in China
基于集聚理论，利用美国县级商业模式数据和区位熵、赫芬达尔指数，分析制造业在大都市统计区内部及之间的空间分布，发现不同类型制造业呈现核心、边缘和外围的差异化集聚模式，为中国城市制造业转型提供启示。
Based upon social resources at major cities,urban manufacturing industries serve urban consumption needs and have great significance for sustainable urbanization. As the largest developed economy,the United States maintains advanced urban and industrial development. Urban manufacturing plays a significant role in the US economy even it has experienced deindustrialization. This study builds on agglomeration theories and analyzes the spatial distribution of manufacturing industries across and inside large metropolitan statistical areas(MSAs) through the use of the County Business Pattern data and location quotient and Herfindahl-Hirschman index. Results show that: manufacturing associated with advanced services and fashion is concentrated in core counties of large MSAs. Standardized fine chemical,small-sized electronic products and furniture manufacturing are found in fringe counties. Both have lower concentration across large MSAs. Most equipment manufacturing is located beyond large MSAs and demonstrates high concentration. The general implication for China where manufacturing is dominated by heavy industries at major cities is that China needs to promote the growth and deepening of its urban manufacturing for a new pattern of urbanization and industrialization.