Frame or Get Framed: The Critical Role of Issue Framing in Nonmarket Management
研究了社会或政治议题的框架如何塑造非市场环境，并指出框架是企业、政府和非政府组织等行为体的战略产物，企业可通过五种路径利用框架塑造非市场环境。
How a social or political issue is framed shapes the “nonmarket” context that surrounds it. Issue frames are not random; rather they are the product of strategic behavior by firms, government agencies, NGOs, and similar actors. Frames are not fixed and issues can be reframed over time. Framing is a powerful strategic tool that enables firms to shape the structure of the nonmarket environment to their advantage. This article identifies and illustrates five distinct pathways through which firms can shape different dimensions of the nonmarket environment.