Spatial Optimization of Crude Oil Transporting Network in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River
研究了长江中下游原油运输网络，通过构建供需平衡表并考虑管道直径和最大流量限制，发现2009年最优总成本比实际成本低9%，表明运输效率有提升空间。
Crude oil transporting network,in the Middle and Lower Researches of Yangtze River,is of a large scale and big oil transportation,and with pipeline and waterway transportation. Here,we analyze 7 pipelines( including 2 pipelines outside the region),10 waterways from Ningbo Port to refineries along Yangtze River,4 oil fields and Ningbo Port with output over one million even ten million( Shengli Oil Field and Ningbo Port) tons of crude oil,and 11 refineries which refine over one million tons of crude oil. We construct a supply and demand balance table if oil output and input fields by considering both the transportation cost variance of different pipelines with different diameters and limiting each pipeline's maximum flow,to determine the spatial optimization of transporting network. In 2009,the optimally total cost of network in the Middle and Lower Researches of Yangtze River,was a 9% decrease compared with the actual cost,suggesting that oil flow efficiency was overall insufficient,and there was considerable potential for efficiency. In optimal conditions,Yonghuning line is only one line under overload,Yijin Line is under no load,and others are under insufficient load. For waterways,there will be a certain proportion of shipping in the total volume in the Middle and Lower Researches of Yangtze River. For Shengli Oil field and Ningbo Port,their outputs limits will be both centralized and avoid excessive overlap. For Yonghuning Line,it is necessary to update its current transporting volume of 2 million tons in a few years. As for Yijin Line,it should lay its parallel line with large diameter( more than 720 mm),to truly realize the economic feasibility of crude oil pipeline transportation among Yangtze Delta,the area along Yangtze River and Huanghuai region.