Spatial-Temporal Characteristics in Urban Morphology of Majior Cities in China during 1990-2010
研究利用遥感影像提取62个中国主要城市的建成区，分析1990-2010年城市形态的时空演变特征，发现扩张速度与城市等级成正比，东部快于中西部，城市形态趋于稳定紧凑，39个城市扩张速度不合理。
In this paper, a total of 62 major cities in Chinese mainland are selected as the research object. By constructing SVBI index, central built-up areas are extracted from multi-temporal Landsat TM/ETM+ remote sensing satellite imagery with the help of Arc GIS and Erdas software. Spatial-temporal characteristics of urban spatial morphologic evolution from1990 to 2010 are analyzed by using the index of expanding area, expansion rate, compactness indices, Boyce-Clark shape indices, fractal dimension, trend analysis and so on. The results show that expansion speed of Chinese major cities is proportional to those of urban level. Expansion speed of the eastern cities is higher than that of the western and central cities during the period from 1990 to 2010. The shape of the 62 cities tended to be stable, mostly in between the square and the rectangle. Overall, urban spatial compactness is increased, and the fractal dimension is declined. Major way of urban morphology evolution of Chinese major cities is the intension-type development instead of extensive transit during the period of 1990-2010. Out of 62 cities, 39 cities show an unreasonable speed at urban land expand. H-shape or starshape is the best urban morphology in eliminating air pollution. The factors influencing the urban morphology evolution of Chinese major cities include urbanization, traffic location, new-style spatial elements and government regulation.