TOURISM CLUSTER:THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL EXPLORATION
澄清了产业集群概念，分析了国内外报纸和政府政策中的旅游集群，发现其偏离了波特原意，但理论上旅游集群可能存在，对研究旅游产业组织的中小企业、目的地管理和创新有参考价值。
After clarifying the concept of industry cluster,tourism clustersin the newspapers and government policies in and abroad are analyzed. We find clustersin reality deviate from the original meanings of cluster put forward by Porter in 1990. But theoretical analysis reveals tourism cluster may exists. First,SMEs play an increasing important role in providing adequate products and services to tourists by responding to their growing specific requirements in global economy. SMEs face disadvantages of being isolated,thus cluster theory may offer a way to bring them together. Second,nature-based destinations derive their main attractiveness from their special environment,which is common property. Based on environment protection,firms,association,government and others in nature-based destinations might form clusters. Third,technology does matter in tourism,as in manufacturing. This means on the requirement of innovation and technology diffusion,clusters might also to be expected in tourism. Furthermore,high relatedness of different firms in tourism also requires clustering.