The After-Effects of Price-related Consumer Promotions
对主要杂货品牌的国际研究发现，价格促销通常不会影响品牌后续销售或忠诚度，因为促销期间的额外购买者几乎都是老顾客，而非新顾客。
An international study of leading grocery brands has shown that price promotions generally did not affect a brand's subsequent sales or brand loyalty. This was because the extra short-term buyers during the promotion had almost all bought the promoted brand before, rather than that new buyers were being attracted. Management implications point toward reduced rather than increased spending on price-related promotions.