REGIONAL GROWTH, INNOVATION, AND LATENT NONLINEAR EFFECTS
用非参数方法研究欧洲区域的知识、创新与增长关系，发现知识投入和创新企业占比对增长有异质非线性影响，并通过反事实估计评估政策效果。
ABSTRACT This paper studies the link between knowledge, innovation, and growth in European regions using nonparametric methods. Our findings suggest that knowledge inputs and the share of innovative firms have a heterogeneous and nonlinear relationship with growth. This evidence has been exploited to examine the consequences of alternative policies using a counterfactual estimation setup, the results of which imply that increasing the formal knowledge base may be optimal in most regions. Less knowledge and innovation intensive regions will also benefit from a higher innovation potential and from a trustworthy and entrepreneurial economic environment.