Hospital Reforms in France under a Socialist Government
法国医疗面临成本上升和医生过剩的双重危机，左右政府均聚焦公立医院改革。1981年后社会党引入的变革多为修辞和关系层面，而两项主要结构性改革实为前政府政策的延续，且尚未完成。
French health care faced the dual crises of rising costs and excess physicians. No government, whether left or right, could avoid focusing reform on the extensive public hospital system. Many differences introduced by the Socialists after 1981 were rhetorical and relational--matters of "democratization" of governance and "control" of physicians. Paradoxically, the two major structural reforms, "departmentalization" and "global budgeting," were extensions of actions begun under preceding governments. Neither has come to fruition yet.