Timing of the Effects: A Dynamic Analysis of Pack‐Size Variety, Demand, and Cost
研究了包装尺寸多样性（如6件装和12件装）与需求、成本之间的动态关系，发现过去需求对当前包装尺寸多样性的影响是短延迟、长持续的，而过去成本的影响则是长延迟、短持续的，对工业实践有指导意义。
As an importation logistics factor, pack‐size variety (the number of different pack sizes, such as packs of 6 units and 12 units of products) is involved in a dynamic system. This system includes the forward impacts of the present pack‐size variety on the present demand and the present cost, as well as the reverse influences of past demand and past cost on present pack‐size variety decisions. Any static analysis of a segment of this system misses an important factor of these effects: the timing. In this study, I unveil the timing of these dynamic relationships among pack‐size variety, demand, and cost. The findings suggest that the effect of past demand on present pack‐size variety follows a short‐delayed and long‐lasting pattern, while the effect of past cost on present pack‐size variety follows a long‐delayed and short‐lasting pattern. These findings offer important implications for pack‐size variety decisions in industrial practices.