The Scandinavian Fantasy: The Sources of Intergenerational Mobility in Denmark and the US
研究了美国和丹麦社会流动性差异的来源，发现丹麦收入流动性更高主要源于再分配政策，但教育流动性并无优势，且再分配政策可能削弱教育激励。
This paper examines the sources of differences in social mobility between the U.S. and Denmark. Measured by income mobility, Denmark is a more mobile society, but not when measured by educational mobility. There are pronounced nonlinearities in income and educational mobility in both countries. Greater Danish income mobility is largely a consequence of redistributional tax, transfer, and wage compression policies. While Danish social policies for children produce more favorable cognitive test scores for disadvantaged children, these do not translate into more favorable educational outcomes, partly because of disincentives to acquire education arising from the redistributional policies that increase income mobility.