Appropriation strategies and open innovation in SMEs
基于英国第五次创新调查数据，研究了中小企业中占有策略（正式与非正式知识产权保护）与开放式创新（内向型与耦合型）之间的关系，发现占有机制有助于企业从封闭转向开放，但只有非正式保护能增加开放式创新的程度。
Drawing upon data from the fifth UK Innovation Survey, this article sheds light on how management choices on the nature of appropriation relate to management choices on the degree of openness within small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). To this end, our findings indicate a threshold effect of both informal and formal appropriation mechanisms on the likelihood of engaging in both coupled and inbound open innovation. That is, an emphasis on appropriation appears to be important in shifting firms from a closed to an open strategy. There is, however, little evidence that either approach to appropriation increases the extent of open innovation. In this, only informal intellectual property (IP) protection mechanisms associate with an increasing extent of inbound open innovation.