Contract functions in service exchange governance: evidence from logistics outsourcing
本文实证研究物流外包中合同的多重功能，包括编码、保障、协调和适应，发现合同不仅防范机会主义，还用于应对复杂性和不确定性，支持合同的功能性观点。
The logistics outsourcing literature emphasises relational governance mechanisms and has underplayed the role of formal contractual provisions. This paper empirically examines the multiple functions that contracts perform in the governance of service exchanges. Codification, safeguarding, coordination and adaptation functions are linked to contract specification schedules, payment mechanisms, (early) termination rights, performance review and communication provisions, service variations clauses and renegotiation provisions. Contracts may also embody exchange- or partner-specific learning, albeit to a limited extent. Overall, the empirical findings lend support to the functional view of contracting. The functionality of contracts extends beyond safeguarding against opportunism and financial losses. In addition to offering economic and legal safeguards, contracts are used to coordinate and adapt service exchanges in the face of complexity and uncertainty.