Export Crops and Civil Conflict
利用世界市场价格变动与菲律宾各省作物种植的地理差异，研究发现香蕉这一主要出口作物价值上升加剧了冲突暴力和叛乱控制区，尤其在大型种植园（面积超25公顷）集中的省份，机制是叛乱分子通过勒索大型农业出口企业获取资金。
Abstract Many experts see a move toward high-value export crops, such as fruits and vegetables, as an important opportunity for economic growth and poverty reduction, but little is known about the effects of export crops in fragile and conflict-affected countries. We exploit movements in world market prices combined with geographic variation in crop production to show that increases in the value of bananas, the country’s biggest export crop, caused an increase in conflict violence and insurgent-controlled territory in the Philippines. This effect was concentrated in provinces where bananas are produced in large plantations with areas greater than 25 hectares. Our results are consistent with a mechanism in which insurgents fund their operations by extorting large agricultural export firms.