Schooling Opportunities and Intergenerational Educational Mobility in Turkey: An IV Estimation Using Census Data
利用1990和2000年土耳其人口普查数据，通过工具变量法估计教育代际传递，发现代际流动性随时间增强，父亲教育影响减弱，但母亲-女儿对和低教育家庭传递更强。
We estimate the intergenerational transmission of education in Turkey using micro-data from the 1990 and 2000 censuses and an instrumental variable (IV) approach. We construct a historical series of provincial enrolment rates by gender to isolate the environmental effect on parental education. The results reveal that intergenerational educational mobility increases over time through a stronger decrease in the transmission of paternal education. The improvement is larger for boys, and the transmission is higher for mother-daughter pairs and in the case of poorer educated parents.