Public Spending and Quality of Education in Brazil
研究了2003-2009年巴西公立小学教育支出是否提高了教育质量，发现支出对考试成绩的贡献很小，关系不理想。
We examined whether Brazil’s educational spending on public primary schools resulted in better quality of education, 2003–2009. Our hypothesis was municipalities that received higher government spending on primary education had higher student tests scores. We used a panel analysis with fixed effects, including a simulated instrumental variable to control for endogeneity. Even though the magnitude of all significant estimated coefficients increased, when controlling for endogeneity, they were still very small. Findings proved that the relationship between quality of education and educational spending was not optimal, weakly contributing to the increase in test scores.