Blocking Learner Error States in a Training-Wheels System
研究为商业文字处理器设计了一种“训练轮”系统，禁用新手通常不需要但易引发错误的功能，通过两个实验证明该设计能提升学习效率。
Some of the most troubling problems for users of computer equipment arise in the getting started stage. A “training-wheels” system was designed for a commercial word processor in which system functions that new users typically do not need, but which can be springboards for errors and confusions, were disabled. The training-wheels word processor improved learning efficiency in two experiments, one of which examined learning by doing and the other, learning by the book.