The theory of capital as a theory of capitalism
基于商业实践中资本作为所有者或股东投入货币的常识定义，回应Hodgson的呼吁，发展一种资本理论，并论证奥地利学派资本理论若正确解读可作为起点，它并非普适或超历史的，而是与Hodgson分析资本主义历史特定特征的方法相契合。
Abstract Before economists and sociologists came up with their own definitions of the term ‘capital’, it was commonly understood as money invested in businesses by their owners or shareholders, and it continues to be understood this way in everyday business practice. In a recent article, Hodgson (2014) advises economists to return to this pre-Smithian usage of the term. This paper takes up Hodgson's demand and develops a theory of capital that is based upon this business notion of capital. It also argues that the Austrian theory of capital, if interpreted correctly, can serve as a starting point. Despite the conviction of its adherents to the contrary, the Austrian theory of capital is not universal or ahistorical, but dovetails with Hodgson's vision of an approach to capital that analyses historically specific features of capitalism.