Resilient supply chain network design under competition: A case study
基于汽车供应链案例，研究上游中断风险下如何通过应急库存、备用产能和多源采购等策略设计韧性网络，以维持市场份额和稳定零售价格。
This research, motivated by a real-life case study in a highly competitive automobile supply chain, experimentally studies the impact of disruption on the competitiveness of supply chains. The studied supply chain faces two major risks: disruption of suppliers and tough competition from competitors. Any disruption in upstream level of the supply chain leads to an inability to meet demand downstream and causes market share to be lost to the competitors. For such a setting, a resilient topology is redesigned that can recover from and react quickly to any disruptive incidents. To this aim, we speculate there are three policies that can be used to mitigate the disruption risk, namely keeping emergency stock at the retailers, reserving back-up capacity at the suppliers, and multiple-sourcing. The problem is addressed using a mixed integer non-linear model to find the most profitable network and mitigation policies. We design a piecewise linear method to solve the model. Based on the data extracted from an automotive supply chain, practical insights of the research are extracted in a controlled experiment. Our analysis suggests that implementing risk mitigation policies not only work to the advantage of the supply chain by sustaining and improving its market share but also benefit customers by stabilizing retail prices in the market. Using the case study, we analyze the contribution of each risk strategy in stabilizing the supply chain's profit, market share, and retail price. Our analysis reveals that downstream "emergency stock" is the most preferable risk mitigation strategy if suppliers are unreliable.