Health, Health Insurance, and Retirement: A Survey
综述了发达国家健康与退休关系的经济学文献，探讨健康影响劳动供给的机制及其与公共养老金和健康保险的互动，发现健康并非退休变化的主因，但能解释国内就业差异。
The degree to which retirement decisions are driven by health is a key concern for both academics and policy makers. In this review, we survey the economic literature on the health–retirement link in developed countries. We describe the mechanisms through which health affects labor supply and discuss how these mechanisms interact with public pensions and public health insurance. The historical evidence suggests that health is not the primary source of variation in retirement across countries and over time. Furthermore, the decline of health with age can only explain a small share of the decline in employment near retirement age. Health considerations nonetheless play an important role, especially in explaining cross-sectional variation in employment and other outcomes within countries. We review the mechanisms through which health affects retirement and discuss recent empirical analyses.