Academic tenure, risk-taking and the diversification of scientific research
研究了学术终身教职带来的工作保障如何影响科学家在多元化与专业化研究之间的选择，发现终身教职与更丰富的研究兴趣多元化相关，对希望激励探索性研究的政策制定者有启示。
We discuss two competing hypotheses linking the relative job security granted by tenure in academic employment to scientists’ choices between diversifying vs. specialising their research portfolio. To test our hypotheses, we develop a new methodology, using an algorithm of semantic analysis that partitions scientists’ publications into research themes, and we compute the Blau’s diversification index for 562 scientists observed over 15 years. The results of a Fractional Probit Model with fixed effects show that tenure is associated to more diversification of research interests. We discuss the implications for policy-makers and granting agencies wishing to incentivise explorative research.