Organizational Virtue Orientation and Family Firms
研究了组织美德导向（OVO）概念，通过分析标普500公司股东信，发现家族企业在共情、温暖和热忱维度上显著高于非家族企业，但在勇气维度上较低。
ABSTRACT: This manuscript develops the concept of organizational virtue orientation (OVO) and examines differences between family and non-family firms on the six organizational virtue dimensions of Integrity, Empathy, Warmth, Courage, Conscientiousness, and Zeal. Using content analysis of shareholder letters from S&P 500 companies, our analyses find that there are significant differences between family and non-family firms in their espoused OVO, with family firms generally being higher. Specifically, family firms were significantly higher on the dimensions of Empathy, Warmth, and Zeal, but lower on Courage. Based on these findings we further develop the OVO concept through the discussion of implications and areas for future research.