Immigration and the Rise of American Ingenuity
利用美国专利和人口普查数据，研究了1880-1940年间移民发明家对美国创新的长期影响，发现他们贡献巨大且生产率更高，但收入却显著低于本土发明家。
We build on the analysis in Akcigit, Grigsby, and Nicholas (2017) by using US patent and census data to examine the relationship between immigration and innovation. We construct a measure of foreign born expertise and show that technology areas where immigrant inventors were prevalent between 1880 and 1940 experienced more patenting and citations between 1940 and 2000. The contribution of immigrant inventors to US innovation was substantial. We also show that immigrant inventors were more productive than native born inventors; however, they received significantly lower levels of labor income. The immigrant inventor wage-gap cannot be explained by differentials in productivity.