One‐off export events
研究发现企业-产品-目的地层面的贸易数据中，单月一次性出口交易是最常见的模式，且贡献了企业出口额的显著部分，现有贸易模型无法解释，因此引入被动出口概念来调和理论与数据。
Abstract Isolated single‐month, one‐off export transactions (observed once in a 49‐month window) turn out to be the dominant spell length in granular firm–product–destination trade data. Moreover, on average, for an export‐active firm, such one‐off events generate a significant part of foreign sales. These patterns cannot be explained by the lumpiness of trade (e.g., seasonal shipments), nor do they sit well with available trade models. To reconcile theory with the data, we introduce passive (i.e., unsolicited buyer‐side driven) exporting in addition to proactive exporting. Our empirical investigation establishes novel stylized facts on firm and destination characteristics associated with one‐off exporting.