Responding to problems: actions are rewarded, regardless of the outcome
通过两项嵌入丹麦全国代表性样本的实验，发现公民对政策制定者应对问题的行动评价总是高于不行动，无论结果好坏，这挑战了不作为偏差，支持了政治行政情境中的“行动规范”。
When faced with a problem, policymakers have a choice of action or inaction. Psychological research shows varying results on how individuals evaluate (in)actions conditional on the subsequent outcome. I replicate, generalize, and extend this research into a public management setting with two independent experiments embedded in a nationally representative sample of Danish citizens (n = 2,007).Both experiments show that actions are evaluated more positively than inactions – regardless of the outcome. This finding runs contrary to the inaction (or omission) bias but is consistent with evidence on a “norm of action”, in response to poor performance in political–administrative settings.