Capability Configuration in Software Industry SMEs: The CAO Model of Ordinary Capabilities
提出客户-协调-运营（CAO）模型，将普通能力分为客户、协调和运营三类，并基于软件行业中小企业数据发现这些能力以新方式配置以提升企业绩效。
Ordinary capabilities contribute to firm core competencies and are prominent drivers of firm performance. However, our understanding of ordinary capabilities, and how they are leveraged to advance performance in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), remains unclear. We review prior literature and introduce the Customer-Alignment-Operational (CAO) model of ordinary capabilities, which identifies three types of ordinary capabilities: customer, alignment, and operational capabilities. Using data collected from software industry SMEs, we find that CAO capabilities are configured in previously undiscovered ways to enhance firm performance. The findings advance our understanding of ordinary capability types and offer insight into how ordinary capabilities are configured to generate firm value.