Organizational Affective Tone: A Meso Perspective on the Origins and Effects of Consistent Affect in Organizations
基于开放系统视角，研究行业类型如何通过人事政策和组织结构影响组织情感基调，进而影响员工压力。对24,015名HR经理、高管和员工调查发现，消费导向行业更易形成积极情感基调。
Grounded in an open systems perspective, we build and test new theory about how the kinds of industries in which an organization participates influence organizational affective tone and connect to workforce strain. We propose that the more an organization’s activities lie in consumer-centric industries (e.g., service, retail), the more positive and less negative the organization’s affective tone. We connect consumer-centric industry participation and affective tone by explaining how personnel policies and organizational structure generate and sustain consistent positive and negative affect throughout an organization. Additionally, we examine the effects of organizational affective tone on workforce strain. The results of a survey-based study of 24,015 human resource managers, top management team members, and employees of 161 firms largely support our predictions. We discuss the implications of considering macro contextual factors for understanding affect in organizations.