Training programmes for European works councillors in Germany, in Ireland and at EU level: Transnational trade union action through education?
比较德国、爱尔兰和欧盟层面针对欧洲劳资委员会成员的工会培训项目，发现这些项目在促进跨国工会行动方面效果有限，主要原因是教学过于侧重技术知识，忽视了社会动员和团结意识的培养。
In this article, we compare trade union training for European Works Council members in Ireland, in Germany and at EU level. The programmes have only limited success in fostering transnational union action. We conclude that the limited transformative impact of unions’ training programmes is not for the most part due to lack of resources. Rather, their narrow pedagogical focus on technical knowledge and skills crowds out the development of knowledge about social mobilization and the construction of attitudes of solidarity between unions.