The Economic Evaluation of Time Can Cause Stress
两项实验发现，在工作中将时间视为金钱（经济心态）会显著提高心理压力和生理压力（唾液皮质醇水平高出23.53%），可能通过增加急躁、降低工作意义等机制导致压力。
Psychological stress can cause decreases in well-being, increases in disease, and faster cellular death. Because the workplace is one prominent source of stress, it is both practically and theoretically useful to comprehensively understand which workplace practices may be stress inducing. In two experiments, we found that people nudged to be in an “economic mind-set” (who thought of time in terms of money while working on a realistic “at work” task) self-reported higher levels of psychological stress (Experiments 1 and 2) and also evidenced more physiological stress—levels of salivary cortisol were 23.53 percent higher (Experiment 2)—compared with participants whose monetary value of time was not made chronically salient. We suggest several possible mechanisms through which the economic evaluation of time (EET) may cause stress. A commodified view of time can increase impatience and make someone feel pressured to “use time wisely.” And thinking of time like money can diminish the meaning of a person’s work and psychological attachment to the job, thereby making tasks more stressful. Thus, increasingly common work arrangements that commodify time may increase stress.