Licensed to skill? The impact of occupational regulation on fitness instructors
比较英国、法国和挪威三国健身教练职业的监管差异，分析职业许可对技能发展和工资的影响，发现许可虽有好处，但与其他制度的关系至关重要。
Occupational licensing, which restricts entry to a job to those with certain qualifications, has traditionally been associated with professionals. Can such forms of occupational regulation support skill development and higher wages lower down the labour market? Cross-national comparisons of a specific occupation can highlight differences in regulation and the interaction between skill formation and industrial relations institutions. We compare the regulation of the occupation of fitness instructor in the UK, France and Norway, focusing on the impact on skills and wages, and suggest that while licensing offers some beneficial outcomes, the relationship with these other institutions is critical.