The Long-Term Impacts of Violent Conflicts on Human Capital: US Bombing and, Education, Earnings, Health, Fertility and Marriage in Cambodia
利用1969-1973年美国在柬埔寨的轰炸强度数据，研究发现轰炸强度增加一个标准差使受教育年限减少0.11-0.23年，生育率上升0.20，女孩初婚年龄下降0.32年，但对收入和健康无显著影响。
We combine household surveys and the intensity of bombing to investigate the long-term impact of US bombing during the 1969–1973 period on education, earnings, health, fertility and marriage in Cambodia. The novelty of this paper consists of the use of the quantity of bombs dropped in each geographic district, which allows the estimation of the effects of the intensity of bombing. Taking into account this intensive margin adds significant insights to using a binary exposure to bombing that has been reported in previous research. We find that one standard deviation increase in the intensity of bombing during 1969–1973 reduced years of schooling by about 0.11–0.23. The effects for men are larger than those for women. Fertility (total births) increased by 0.20 and age at first marriage for girls declined by 0.32 year. The reduction in years of education completed does not seem to have affected earnings, however. Similarly, we did not detect any significant effect on health.