Estimating dynamic localization economies: the inadvertent success of the specialization index and the location quotient
澄清了集中与专业化的概念，回顾了集聚经济文献中用于衡量本地化经济的指标，并通过模拟实验指出，只要正确控制本地经济规模，研究者可用本地产业规模、专业化指数或区位商来代理动态外部性。
Estimating dynamic localization economies: the inadvertent success of the specialization index and the location quotient. Regional Studies. After addressing definitional issues on the concepts of concentration and specialization, the paper reviews the justifications for and the interpretation of some indicators of localization economies used in the empirical literature on agglomeration economies: specialization indexes and location quotients. A simulation exercise shows under what conditions certain specifications lead to biased estimations of dynamic localization (Marshall–Arrow–Romer – MAR) externalities. The results suggest that applied researchers can choose between the size of the local industry, the specialization index and the location quotient to proxy for these externalities as far as they also encompass a correct proxy for the size of the local economy.