Gender, Informal Employment and Trade Liberalization in Mexico
研究进口自由化如何通过劳动力在可贸易与非可贸易部门间的重新配置，对男性和女性的正规就业产生不同影响，利用墨西哥1993-2001年数据发现关税削减提高了制造业正规就业概率，但服务业中低技能女性正规就业概率下降。
Abstract This paper studies how import liberalization affects formal employment across gender. The theory offers a mechanism to explain how male and female formal employment shares can respond differently to trade liberalization through labor reallocation across tradable and nontradable sectors. Using Mexican data over the period 1993–2001, we find that Mexican tariff cuts increase the probability of working formally for both men and women within four-digit manufacturing industries. The formalization of jobs within tradable sectors is driven by large firms. Constructing a regional tariff measure, we find that regional exposure to import liberalization increases the probability of working formally in the manufacturing sector for both men and women, and especially for men. However in the service sectors, the probability of working formally decreases for low-skilled women.