The Contingent Wisdom of Dyads: When Discussion Enhances vs. Undermines the Accuracy of Collaborative Judgments
研究发现讨论对协作判断准确性的影响取决于任务类型和互动过程：在宽范围估计任务中讨论有助于减少严重错误，但在有自然边界任务中效果平平；若未先独立估计，讨论会因限制考虑范围而损害准确性。
We evaluate the effect of discussion on the accuracy of collaborative judgments. In contrast to prior research, we show that discussion can either aid or impede accuracy relative to the averaging of collaborators’ independent judgments, as a systematic function of task type and interaction process. For estimation tasks with a wide range of potential estimates, discussion aided accuracy by helping participants prevent and eliminate egregious errors. For estimation tasks with a naturally bounded range, discussion following independent estimates performed on par with averaging. Importantly, if participants did not first make independent estimates, discussion greatly harmed accuracy by limiting the range of considered estimates, independent of task type. Our research shows that discussion can be a powerful tool for error reduction, but only when appropriately structured: Decision makers should form independent judgments to consider a wide range of possible answers, and then use discussion to eliminate extremely large errors. Data and the online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2823 . This paper was accepted by Yuval Rottenstreich, judgment and decision making.