Having It All? Employment, Earnings, and Children*
研究了家庭政策对女性就业、生育和性别工资差距的影响，发现人力资本积累是子女后性别工资差距扩大的重要原因，育儿补贴促进母亲就业和生育但效果因家庭而异。
Abstract We study the effect of family policies on female employment, fertility, and the gender wage gap. We develop a life‐cycle model of heterogeneous households featuring endogenous labor supply, human capital accumulation, fertility, and home production. Our results suggest that human capital accumulation is important in accounting for the widening of the gender wage gap following children. We find that, in aggregate, childcare subsidies promote maternal employment and fertility, although the effects are heterogeneous across couples. A subsidy on home goods increases female employment, but primarily later in life. Thus, it does not dampen the widening of the gender gap.