On Sensitivity Value of Pair-Matched Observational Studies
提出“敏感性值”这一新指标，衡量需要多强的未测量混杂因素才能改变观察性研究的结论，并证明其渐近正态性，可用于功效分析和研究设计。
This article proposes a new quantity called the “sensitivity value,” which is defined as the minimum strength of unmeasured confounders needed to change the qualitative conclusions of a naive analysis assuming no unmeasured confounder. We establish the asymptotic normality of the sensitivity value in pair-matched observational studies. The theoretical results are then used to approximate the power of a sensitivity analysis and select the design of a study. We explore the potential to use sensitivity values to screen multiple hypotheses in the presence of unmeasured confounding using a microarray dataset. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.