Evaluation of Order Fulfillment Options in Retail Supply Chains
研究评估了零售商在线上订单履行中的四种选项（配送中心、专用设施、零售店、供应商直发），基于一家大型美国零售商的运营和财务数据，发现配送中心效率更高，但零售商可通过优化配送流程弥补门店履行的成本劣势。
ABSTRACT Retailers face a major operational challenge in fulfilling online orders while managing their traditional store‐based distribution processes. In this context, the following order fulfillment options available to retailers are considered: store‐facing distribution centers (DCs), dedicated order fulfillment facilities (DTC), retail stores, and direct‐fill by vendors. A framework for the online order fulfillment process is developed to evaluate these options using operational and financial measures collected from a large U.S. retailer. The study presents managerial insights regarding each fulfillment option and identifies operational and cost thresholds where a particular fulfillment option would be preferred. The results show that due to better order fulfillment efficiency, distribution facilities (DC and DTC) out‐perform fulfillment from stores and vendors. However, retailers can leverage their network of stores to overcome the shortfall in store‐based fulfillment costs by focusing on the order delivery process. The analysis presented in this article is useful for practice as it helps retailers identify options that best suit their order fulfillment strategy.