Cyclical Job Ladders by Firm Size and Firm Wage
研究了工人是否沿着企业工资和规模阶梯向上流动及其周期性变化，发现企业工资阶梯具有强顺周期性，在大衰退期间该阶梯崩溃，导致工人向高工资企业的净流动降至零，对收入产生显著影响。
We study whether workers progress up firm wage and size job ladders, and the cyclicality of this movement. Search theory predicts that workers should flow toward larger, higher paying firms. However, we see little evidence of a firm size ladder, partly because small, young firms poach workers from all other businesses. In contrast, we find strong evidence of a firm wage ladder that is highly procyclical. During the Great Recession, this firm wage ladder collapsed, with net worker reallocation to higher wage firms falling to zero. The earnings consequences from this lack of upward progression are sizable.