How institutions and beliefs affect environmental discourse: Evidence from an eight-country survey on REDD+
基于八个国家的调查数据，研究制度与信念如何影响政策行动者对REDD+（减少毁林和森林退化所致排放量）话语的选择，发现生态现代化话语占主导，而民主程度低和初级部门投资大的国家更易接受这种不直接挑战毁林驱动因素的话语。
This paper investigates the adoption of discourses on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+) across different national contexts. It draws on institutional theories to develop and test a number of hypotheses on the role of shared beliefs and politico-economic institutions in determining the discursive choices of policy actors. The results show that win–win ecological modernization discourse, embraced by powerful government agencies and international actors, dominates national REDD+ policy arenas. This discourse is challenged primarily by a minority reformist civic environmentalist discourse put forward primarily by domestic NGOs. We find evidence that countries with a less democratic political system and large-scale primary sector investments facilitate the adoption of reconciliatory ecological modernization discourse, which may not directly challenge the drivers of deforestation. Policy actors who believe in and are engaged in market-based approaches to REDD+ are much more likely to adopt ecological modernization discourses, compared to policy actors who work on community development and livelihoods issues.