The Effects of Attribution Style and Stakeholder Role on Blame for the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
研究通过调查八类利益相关者对深水地平线漏油事件的归责，发现利益相关者角色（主动/被动）与归因风格（乐观/悲观）的交互作用影响其对企业及领导者的责备程度。
We extend attribution and stakeholder theory in the context of crisis reputation management by examining differences in stakeholder perceptions in the form of organization-related blame. We presented eight stakeholder groups with factual information surrounding the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and asked them to indicate the extent to which they blamed the leaders and organizations associated with the event. Stakeholders also completed a survey assessing their attribution styles. Results indicated that perceptions of blame were affected by the interaction of stakeholder role (i.e., active vs. passive) with attribution style (i.e., optimistic vs. pessimistic). Our results suggest that organizational leaders’ understanding of their stakeholders may be an important aspect in managing stakeholders’ sensemaking during crises.