Long‐Run Impact of Biofuels on Food Prices
利用李嘉图模型，研究发现到2022年世界食品价格可能上涨约32%，其中约一半来自生物燃料强制令，另一半来自人口增长和饮食偏好变化，但全球碳排放会增加。
Abstract About 40 percent of US corn is now used to produce biofuels, which are used as substitutes for gasoline in transportation. In this paper, we use a Ricardian model with differential land quality to show that world food prices could rise by about 32 percent by 2022. About half of this increase is from the biofuel mandate and the rest is a result of demand‐side effects in the form of population growth and income‐induced changes in dietary preferences, from cereals to meat and dairy products. However, aggregate world carbon emissions would increase, because of significant land conversion to farming and leakage from lower oil prices.