Crowdsourcing Government: Lessons from Multiple Disciplines
这篇综述整合了多个学科关于众包的研究与实践，识别出组织、产品服务及整体系统三类众包，并提炼出过程设计的基本逻辑（对齐、激励、评估），帮助公共管理者更好地设计和实施众包。
Abstract Crowdsourcing has proliferated across disciplines and professional fields. Implementers in the public sector face practical challenges, however, in the execution of crowdsourcing. This review synthesizes prior crowdsourcing research and practices from a variety of disciplines and focuses to identify lessons for meeting the practical challenges of crowdsourcing in the public sector. It identifies three distinct categories of crowdsourcing: organizations, products and services, and holistic systems. Lessons about the fundamental logic of process design—alignment, motivation, and evaluation—identified across the three categories are discussed. Conclusions drawn from past studies and the resulting evidence can help public managers better design and implement crowdsourcing in the public sector .