How Observers Assess Women Who Cry in Professional Work Contexts
通过定性方法研究观察者如何评价在工作中哭泣的女性，发现情境和脚本符合程度影响归因，对理解职场情绪表达有参考价值。
Using qualitative methods, we examined how observers assessed professional women when they cried at work. Our findings showed that, in four common but stressful professional work situations, observers used relatively complex and context-specific cognitive scripts to evaluate female colleagues who cried. Specifically, we found that script violation led observers to make dispositional attributions of criers (i.e., that they were weak, unprofessional, and/or manipulative), whereas script confirmation led them to make situational attributions of criers (i.e., that they were experiencing a tough situation at work, or personal issues at home). Interestingly, assessments of the underlying emotions experienced by criers did not appear to influence observers’ attributions of those criers. Together, these discoveries help to elaborate a relatively sophisticated framework describing the assessment of crying at work that builds on recent theorizing by Vingerhoets (2013). More generally, these discoveries extend our understanding of the interpretation of ambiguous “expressive cues” (i.e., visible expressions of emotion such as crying) in organizations, and suggest how contextual factors influence attributions of these ambiguous cues.Whiteboard Video AbstractAOM Video Player5783715244001