Too Lucky to Be True: Fairness Views under the Shadow of Cheating
通过实验研究当收入不平等可能源于作弊时，第三方观察者的公平观和再分配偏好如何变化，发现仅凭作弊嫌疑就会导致观点极化，尤其在作弊产生负外部性时更明显。
Abstract Income inequalities within societies are often associated with evidence that the rich are more likely to behave unethically and evade more taxes. We study how fairness views and preferences for redistribution are affected when cheating may, but need not, be the cause of income inequalities. In our experiment, we let third parties redistribute income between a rich and a poor stakeholder. In one treatment, income inequality was due only to luck, whereas in two others rich stakeholders might have cheated. The mere suspicion of cheating changes third parties’ fairness views considerably and leads to a strong polarization that is even more pronounced when cheating generates negative externalities.