Market Entry by High Technology Startups: The Effect of Competition Level and Startup Innovativeness
研究发现，在竞争水平极高或极低的市场中，初创企业与在位企业更可能合作商业化创新；初创企业的创新性在低至中度竞争时促进合作，在中至高度竞争时则促进竞争。
We study the level of market competition as a determinant for the propensity of cooperation between startups entering new markets and incumbents operating in these markets. We provide ample empirical evidence suggesting that startups and incumbents are more likely to cooperate in the commercialization of startups’ technological innovations in markets with either high or low competition levels than in markets with moderate competition levels. Importantly, we further show that startups’ innovativeness has a contingent effect—it encourages cooperation at low-to-moderate levels of competition, but encourages competition at moderate-to-high levels of competition.