Income Level and Income Inequality in the Euro‐Mediterranean Region, C. 14–700
利用罗马帝国及西罗马帝国解体后个人收入分配和区域平均收入的有限证据，发现帝国时期区域收入比当今欧盟更均等，人际不平等较低，且公元700年的不平等可能低于奥古斯都时代。
Was the Euro‐Mediterranean region at the time of the Roman Empire and its Western successor states more unequal than the European Union today? We use some scant evidence on personal income distribution within the Empire and differences in average regional incomes to conclude that the Empire was more homogeneous, in terms of regional incomes, than today's EU, and inter‐personal inequality was low. Moreover, income inequality was likely less around year 700 than in Augustus's time. The latter finding contrasts with a view of rising inequality as the Western Roman Empire dissolved.