First- and Second-Generation Impacts of the Biafran War
研究1967-1970年尼日利亚内战对女性及其子女的长期影响，发现战争暴露导致女性身高降低、超重风险增加、生育年龄提前、教育程度下降，并影响下一代儿童的生存、成长和教育。
We analyze long-term impacts of the 1967-1970 Nigerian Civil War, providing the first evidence of intergenerational impacts. War exposure among women results in reduced adult stature, an increased likelihood of being overweight, earlier age at first birth, and lower educational attainment. War exposure of mothers has adverse impacts on next-generation child survival, growth, and education. Impacts vary with age of exposure. For the mother and child health outcomes, the largest impacts stem from adolescent exposure. Exposure to a primary education program mitigates impacts of war exposure. War exposure leads to men marrying later and having fewer children.