Incorporating land use and pricing policies for reducing car dependence: Analytical framework and empirical evidence
本文构建了一个分析框架，将市场与规划失灵理论联系起来，论证了整合土地使用与定价政策以减少驾驶和汽车依赖的必要性。基于德克萨斯州奥斯汀市非工作出行数据的多层次多项Logit模型估计显示，定价政策对减少汽车出行更有效，而土地使用政策则更利于调整非汽车出行，且土地使用能调节定价弹性。
This article develops an analytical framework to connect the theories of market and planning failures with the reasoning of incorporating land use and pricing policies for reducing driving and car dependence. A multilevel multinomial logit model (MML) is applied to estimate the effects of neighbourhood land use characteristics and price variables on travel mode choice of non-work trips and their interaction effects in the city of Austin, Texas. Results reveal that pricing policies are more efficient for reducing auto travel while land use policies appear better for adjusting non-auto travel. The practical significance of land use policies for reducing car dependence are more reflected in the modified effects of land use on pricing elasticities of driving probability. Pricing policies are more effective for reducing driving in neighbourhoods with a higher sidewalk density and a better accessibility to mixed-use activity centres. These findings validate the theoretical analysis and demonstrate the importance of coordinating land use and pricing policies together in the transportation planning practice.