Single-period newsvendor problem under random end-of-season demand
研究了随机季末需求下报童问题的最优订货量和期望利润，发现其低于标准报童模型，并分析了关键影响因素，为管理者提供订货决策指导。
Newsvendor problems, which have attracted the attention of researchers since 1950s, have wide applications in various industries. There have been many extensions to the standard single-period newsvendor problem. In this paper, we consider the single-period, single-item and single-stage newsvendor problem under random end-of- season demand and develop a model to determine the optimal order quantity and expected profit. We prove that the optimal order quantity and expected profit thus obtained are lower than their respective values obtained from the standard newsvendor formulation. We also provide numerical examples and perform sensitivity analyses to compute the extent of deviations of the ‘true’ optimal solutions from the newsvendor solutions. We observe that the deviations are most sensitive to the ratio of the means of the demand distributions. The deviations are also found sensitive to the contribution margin, salvage price, coefficients of variation of the demand distributions and correlation between seasonal and end-of-season demands. We provide broad guidelines for managers as to when the model developed in this paper should be used and when the standard newsvendor formulation would suffice to determine the order quantity.