Cleaning San Francisco, cleaning the United States: The graft prosecutions of 1906–1909 and their nationwide consequences
研究进步时代旧金山对腐败官员和行贿商人的调查与起诉，虽失败但催生了全国性反贪运动，探讨企业社会责任作为替代方案。
This case study examines public debates on, and investigations of, corrupt city officials and bribe-giving businesspeople in the western metropolis of San Francisco during the era of progressivism. Law enforcement was not only difficult because of the lack of juridical evidence but also because large portions of the local business elites were benefiting from illicit structures. The prosecutions failed, but financier, banker and capitalist Rudolph Spreckels initiated a national anti-graft movement in the early 1910s, which discussed the concept of corporate social and civic responsibility as an alternative to criminal prosecution and an opportunity to harmonise class conflicts.