Why Do Management Theories Say What They Do? Toward a Management M-Theory
针对管理理论文献分化与整合失衡的问题，提出一个多维框架（管理M理论），用于解释理论差异并整合不同理论，对管理研究、教学和实践有启示。
There is a large and growing imbalance between the differentiation and integration of the management theory literature. As a result, the scholarly field needs better tools of conceptual integration to make sense of its varied questions, topics, disciplines, and communities. Here, I propose a language and logic for addressing this imbalance by addressing the simple but penetrating research question: Why do management theories say what they do? First, the article explores different facets to the question to reveal several alternative reasons for this differentiation. Second, it utilizes the resultant rationales for better understanding past approaches toward theoretical integration. Specifically, I construct a multidimensional framework that can be used to reconcile these rationales—that is, integrate the integrative frameworks—to propose an answer to the question. Third, it illustrates how this management M-theory (MMT) framework might be used to stitch together the broad spectrum of management theories. Fourth, it considers implications of this mapping for management research, teaching, and practice.